Ibuprofen is one of the most common and widely used medicines in the world. It is a pain reliever and anti-inflammatory drug that helps reduce pain, fever, and swelling.
Ibuprofen belongs to a group of medicines called NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs). It is available over the counter and by prescription in different forms like tablets, capsules, and syrups.
What is Ibuprofen?
Ibuprofen is a medicine that helps relieve pain and reduce inflammation in the body. It is often used for conditions like:
- Headache
- Toothache
- Menstrual cramps
- Muscle pain
- Joint pain or arthritis
- Fever due to infection or illness
It works by blocking certain chemicals in the body (prostaglandins) that cause pain and swelling.
Brand Names of Ibuprofen
Ibuprofen is sold under many brand names, such as:
- Brufen
- Advil
- Nurofen
- Motrin
- Ibugesic (in India)
Forms of Ibuprofen
Ibuprofen is available in several forms, including:
- Tablets and capsules
- Oral suspensions (for children)
- Chewable tablets
- Gel or cream (for external pain relief)
- Injection (in hospitals)
Common Uses of Ibuprofen
Ibuprofen is used to treat different types of pain and fever, such as:
- Headache and Migraine – Helps relieve mild to moderate headache pain.
- Toothache – Reduces tooth and gum pain after dental treatment or infection.
- Menstrual Pain – Commonly used for period cramps.
- Joint and Muscle Pain – Useful in conditions like arthritis, sprains, or muscle strain.
- Fever Reduction – Helps bring down high body temperature.
- Cold or Flu Symptoms – Helps reduce fever and body ache during viral infections.
How Does Ibuprofen Work?
Ibuprofen works by blocking the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX), which helps produce prostaglandins — chemicals that cause pain, swelling, and fever.
By reducing these chemicals, ibuprofen lowers pain and inflammation effectively.
Ibuprofen Dosage
The dosage depends on age, weight, and health condition. Always follow the doctor’s advice or the instructions on the medicine label.
For Adults:
- Usual dose: 200–400 mg every 6 hours as needed.
- Maximum daily dose: 1200 mg (without prescription) or 2400 mg (with prescription).
For Children:
- Dose is based on weight (usually 10 mg/kg every 6–8 hours).
- Use children’s suspension or syrup form only, as directed by a doctor.
Important Tips:
- Take ibuprofen after food or with milk to avoid stomach irritation.
- Do not take more than the recommended dose.
Possible Side Effects of Ibuprofen
Ibuprofen is generally safe when used correctly, but it can cause side effects in some people, especially if used for a long time or in high doses.
Common Side Effects:
- Upset stomach or indigestion
- Nausea or vomiting
- Heartburn
- Dizziness or headache
Serious (but rare) Side Effects:
- Stomach bleeding or ulcers
- Kidney problems
- Allergic reaction (rash, swelling, or breathing difficulty)
- Increased blood pressure
- Liver damage (with long-term use)
If you experience severe stomach pain, vomiting blood, or swelling of the face and throat, seek medical help immediately.
Precautions Before Taking Ibuprofen
Do not take ibuprofen without a doctor’s advice if you have:
- Stomach ulcers or bleeding problems
- Severe kidney or liver disease
- Heart problems or high blood pressure
- Asthma or allergies to NSAIDs
- Are pregnant (especially in the last 3 months)
Also, inform your doctor if you take other medicines like:
- Blood thinners (warfarin)
- Other painkillers or NSAIDs
- Blood pressure medicines
- Steroids
Ibuprofen and Pregnancy
- First and second trimester: May be used only if prescribed by a doctor.
- Third trimester: Should not be used, as it may affect the baby’s heart or cause complications during delivery.
Always ask your doctor before taking any medicine during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
Ibuprofen Overdose
Taking too much ibuprofen can be dangerous. Symptoms of overdose include:
- Nausea and vomiting
- Stomach pain
- Drowsiness
- Breathing difficulty
- Seizures (in severe cases)
If you suspect an overdose, seek emergency medical help immediately.
Alternatives to Ibuprofen
Other pain relievers include:
- Paracetamol (Acetaminophen): Safer for mild pain and fever.
- Naproxen: Used for joint pain or arthritis.
- Aspirin: Used in some cases but not suitable for children.
Your doctor will suggest the right medicine based on your health condition.
Storage and Safety Tips
- Store ibuprofen in a cool, dry place.
- Keep out of reach of children.
- Do not use expired medicine.
- Always read the label before use.
Conclusion
Ibuprofen is a widely used medicine for pain, fever, and inflammation. It works quickly and effectively when used properly. However, long-term or excessive use can cause stomach or kidney problems.
Always take ibuprofen after food, follow the recommended dose, and avoid mixing it with alcohol or other painkillers.
FAQs
Q 1. What is ibuprofen used for?
It is used to relieve pain, reduce swelling, and lower fever. Common uses include headache, toothache, muscle pain, and menstrual cramps.
Q 2. Is ibuprofen safe for children?
Yes, but only in the correct dose as per the child’s weight. Always use the children’s syrup and follow a doctor’s advice.
Q 3. Can I take ibuprofen on an empty stomach?
It’s best to take it after food or with milk to avoid stomach upset.
Q 4. How long does ibuprofen take to work?
It usually starts working within 30 to 60 minutes after taking a dose.
Q 5. Can I take ibuprofen daily?
It should be used only when needed. Long-term or daily use without medical advice can harm the stomach or kidneys.
Q 6. Is ibuprofen stronger than paracetamol?
Ibuprofen also reduces inflammation, so it may be more effective for muscle or joint pain, while paracetamol is better for fever and general pain relief.
Q 7. Can I drink alcohol while taking ibuprofen?
No, combining alcohol with ibuprofen can increase the risk of stomach bleeding and ulcers.
Q 8. What should I do if I miss a dose?
Take it when you remember, but skip it if it’s almost time for the next dose. Never double the dose.